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Northern Transportation Company
Northern Transportation Company Limited (NTCL) is a marine transportation company in the Canadian and American Arctic owned by Norterra, a holding company that was, until April 1, 2014, jointly owned by the Inuvialuit of the Northwest Territories and the Inuit of Nunavut.〔(The NorTerra Group of Companies ), corporate website〕〔(Northern Transportation Company Limited at NorTerra ), corporate website〕 While primarily a marine freight hauler on Canadian rivers, like the Mackenzie〔("CANUS North 98" ) Canada / United States North Slope (CANUSNORTH) - 1998 Workshop, p.7〕 and the Hay〔("Káátåå`odeeche First Nations Study" ''Evaluation of the Indian Environmental Partnership Program'' ) Departmental Audit and Evaluation Branch, Indian and Northern Affairs, Canada, September 2003,〕 and along the Arctic coast of Canada, they are also a petroleum wholesaler.〔(Northern Transportation Company Limited (Ntcl) ) company profile from Manta.com〕 Its head office is now in the town of Hay River, Northwest Territories. Today, it uses primarily tugs and barges.〔
==History==
The company was an outgrowth of the competition in the Yukon between the new Northern Trading Company and the entrenched Hudson's Bay Company.〔Ray, Arthur J. (1990) ''The Canadian Fur Trade in the Industrial Age'' University of Toronto Press, Toronto, p. 104, ISBN 0-8020-6743-3〕 Colonel J.K. Cornwell, one of the principals of the Northern Trading Company,〔 ran his first steamer, ''The Midnight Sun'', on the Lesser Slave Lake River in 1904.〔MacGregor, James Grierson (1974) ''Paddle wheels to bucket-wheels on the Athabasca'' McClelland and Stewart, Toronto, p. 116, ISBN 0-7710-5450-5〕 The company acted as a kind of subsidiary of the Northern Trading Company until its formal creation in 1930 as Northern Waterways Limited, but its name was changed in 1934 to the Northern Transportation Company Limited.〔McCalla, Robert J. (1994) ''Water Transportation in Canada'' Formac Publishing Company, Halifax, p. 207-210, ISBN 0-88780-247-8〕 It was one of the first haulers on the Mackenzie River after the Hudson's Bay Company,〔Coates, Kenneth (1985) ''Canada's colonies: A History of the Yukon and Northwest Territories'' J. Lorimer, Toronto, p. 107, ISBN 0-88862-932-X〕 starting up just after the Yukon gold rush. In 1936, it was taken over by the Eldorado Gold Mines Limited〔 and Arthur Berry was appointed manager in Edmonton. In 1944, it became a Crown corporation when its parent, then known as Eldorado Mining and Refining, was nationalized by the government of Canada.〔
The company has been involved in North Slope operations since 1963.〔 In 1975, then under the jurisdiction of the Coast Guard Northern Division of Transport Canada, it became the sole marine shipper in the Canadian Arctic operating of out of Churchill, Manitoba.〔 In 1959, it moved its operational headquarters to the town of Hay River.〔("History - the Town of Hay River" ), official website of the Town of Hay River〕 In 1985 it was purchased by the Inuvialuit Development Corporation and Nunasi Corporation, two native-owned corporations.〔〔
On April, 1 2014 the Inuvialuit Development Corporation (IDC) bought the 50% share of NorTerra held by Nunasi. This purchase of NorTerra gives the IDC complete control of Canadian North, Northern Transportation Company and other companies that were jointly held.〔(Nunasi Corp. sells its stake in NorTerra, Canadian North )〕〔(Nunasi Corp. sells its half of Norterra to the Inuvialuit )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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